IEEE Access Special Section: Cyber-Physical Systems

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Electric Vehicles Charging Algorithm with Peak Power Minimization, EVs Charging Power Minimization, Ability to Respond to DR Signals and V2G Functionality

The number of electric vehicles (EV) on the roads, as well as the share of EVs in use, will inevitably increase in coming decades. This creates a number of problems. A large EV fleet is a significant additional load in the power system that is impossible to accurately predict. Another related problem is the limited distribution network capacity, which is not ready for the additional load from the widespread EV infrastructure. There is a need for an EV charging coordination algorithm capable of fulfilling the charging EV needs, while using as low demanded power as possible and using the lowest power values in each EV charging profile. We propose an EV coordinating algorithm that is capable of ensuring that all connected EVs in the considered parking lot will be charged at the user-defined departure time. The algorithm also controls the charging/discharging power of every connected EV in such a way that the parking lot as a whole will use minimal possible peak power while minimizing the charging power of every EV. The proposed algorithm is also capable of responding to demand response (DR) signals. The paper also includes the results of simulation with a statistical summary of the proposed algorithm effectiveness

Electric Vehicles Charging Algorithm with Peak Power Minimization, EVs Charging Power Minimization, Ability to Respond to DR Signals and V2G Functionality

The number of electric vehicles (EV) on the roads, as well as the share of EVs in use, will inevitably increase in coming decades. This creates a number of problems. A large EV fleet is a significant additional load in the power system that is impossible to accurately predict. Another related problem is the limited distribution network capacity, which is not ready for the additional load from the widespread EV infrastructure. There is a need for an EV charging coordination algorithm capable of fulfilling the charging EV needs, while using as low demanded power as possible and using the lowest power values in each EV charging profile. We propose an EV coordinating algorithm that is capable of ensuring that all connected EVs in the considered parking lot will be charged at the user-defined departure time. The algorithm also controls the charging/discharging power of every connected EV in such a way that the parking lot as a whole will use minimal possible peak power while minimizing the charging power of every EV. The proposed algorithm is also capable of responding to demand response (DR) signals. The paper also includes the results of simulation with a statistical summary of the proposed algorithm effectiveness

Battery Energy Storage System for Emergency Supply and Improved Reliability of Power Networks

This paper introduces the concept of a battery energy storage system as an emergency power supply for a separated power network, with the possibility of island operation for a power substation with one-side supply. This system, with an appropriately sized energy storage capacity, allows improvement in the continuity of the power supply and increases the reliability of the separated network at a specified time during the limitation of power transmission as a result of damage or disconnection of the main power line. This paper presents and describes a specific method of energy storage system dimensioning based on real measurement data. Based on the obtained parameters, an analysis of the reliability improvement of the considered network was performed. The implementation of the battery energy storage system will contribute to a more than 5-fold reduction in the occurrence of power outages in the time interval from 3 min to 1.5 h, which will clearly reduce the System Average Interruption Frequency Index and System Average Interruption Duration Index factors. In this paper, the network conditions for operational normality and failure are presented and the cost for implementation of an energy storage system (about EUR 1 million) is compared with the possible implementation of an additional power line (about EUR 5 million) to a specific power substation

Battery Energy Storage System for Emergency Supply and Improved Reliability of Power Networks

This paper introduces the concept of a battery energy storage system as an emergency power supply for a separated power network, with the possibility of island operation for a power substation with one-side supply. This system, with an appropriately sized energy storage capacity, allows improvement in the continuity of the power supply and increases the reliability of the separated network at a specified time during the limitation of power transmission as a result of damage or disconnection of the main power line. This paper presents and describes a specific method of energy storage system dimensioning based on real measurement data. Based on the obtained parameters, an analysis of the reliability improvement of the considered network was performed. The implementation of the battery energy storage system will contribute to a more than 5-fold reduction in the occurrence of power outages in the time interval from 3 min to 1.5 h, which will clearly reduce the System Average Interruption Frequency Index and System Average Interruption Duration Index factors. In this paper, the network conditions for operational normality and failure are presented and the cost for implementation of an energy storage system (about EUR 1 million) is compared with the possible implementation of an additional power line (about EUR 5 million) to a specific power substation